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Overview
The delivery of a multiple pregnancy can be more challenging than for a singleton, with more decision points.
Your doctor will address with you the issues that may arise and influence the conduct of your labour and delivery.
Considerations before delivery
Whether you will have a vaginal delivery or a delivery by caesarean section will depend on a number of considerations, including:
- Your preference.
- Number of babies: Triplets and more are almost always delivered by caesarean section.
- Presentation of the first baby: If the first baby is head down, you may usually choose to have a vaginal delivery.
- History of a caesarean section in the past, or other surgery on the uterus.
- Whether there are any other pregnancy complications (high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, placenta previa).
- Whether the babies become stressed during labour. If the heart rate of either baby slows down, it may become essential to get them out quickly.
The obstetrician will review the options and help you decide on the safest mode of delivery. This may need to change if the situation changes, such as one of the babies changing position or the heart rate monitor suggesting a problem during the labour process.
Vaginal birth of a twin pregnancy
What to expect during labour
The labour of twins is like singleton labour in many ways, although you will be closely monitored, including heart rates of your babies. There are usually several team members present for your delivery, including an anesthetist and an additional neonatal team ready to care for each newborn.
We usually recommend an epidural for pain relief. This makes it easier to deliver your babies quickly if the babies become distressed, especially the second twin. For that same reason, we also recommend that the delivery occurs in the operating room.
Delivery of the first and second baby
The delivery of the first baby will be the same as for a singleton baby, with you pushing the baby out under your obstetrician’s guidance. Once the cord is cut, the neonatal team will check the first baby and your physician will check the position of the second baby by feeling your abdomen, doing a vaginal examination and performing an ultrasound.
Note: The placenta does not come out until after the second baby.
The second baby should be born soon after the first, as the cervix is already fully dilated. The delay between babies is usually no more than 30 minutes. If contractions stop after the first birth, you may be given oxytocin through an IV drip to restart them. The second twin may then be delivered in vertex or breech presentation, depending on the baby’s position and/or physician preference.
As with any delivery, assistance such as a suction (vacuum/ventouse) or forceps, may be needed to help the baby out, particularly if the baby become distressed.
In very rare cases, you may deliver the first twin vaginally and then need a caesarean section for the second, usually because the second twin is distressed.
After delivery
Following delivery, your doctor will ensure that you do not experience excessive bleeding from the uterus, since twin pregnancies are a risk factor for post-partum haemorrhage. Your doctor may find it necessary to administer different medications to improve the contraction of the uterus and limit bleeding. Surgical options are rarely required to achieve this.
Early post-partum period
The early post-partum period can be challenging for a new mother as she adapts to the role of primary caregiver to a demanding newborn. There is often a period of adjustment as both mother and baby get used to each other and establish routines.
Mothers of multiples may find themselves coping with several unique and unexpected issues, including separation from infants due to prematurity, need for specialized care in the intensive care nursery, increased demands of breastfeeding two (or more) infants, sleeplessness, fatigue, and increased nutritional needs.
Hospital stay and support
Hospital stay is, on average, one to two days following vaginal delivery about two days after a caesarean section. During this time, our expert nursing staff and lactation consultants will help guide you learn how to care for your babies, establish breastfeeding and become confident in your new role. Support for these activities in the early post-partum period continues in the community.